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007			ta
008			160303s2015 mauabf b 001 0 eng
020			_a9780674088634
040			_aDLC _beng _erda _cDLC _dYDX _dBTCTA _dYDXCP _dBDX _dOCLCF _dHLS _dUNA _dSTF _dIDU _dYHM _dHF9 _dUK-LoPHL
041	1		_aeng _hfre
082	0	4	_a955.0542
100	1		_aRazoux, Pierre _eauthor. _9112924
240	1	0	_aGuerre Iran-Irak, 1980-1988. _lEnglish
245	1	4	_aThe Iran-Iraq war / _cPierre Razoux ; translated by Nicholas Elliott.
264		1	_aCambridge, Massachusetts ; _aLondon : _bThe Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, _c2015.
300			_axviii, 640 pages, 18 unnumbered pages of plates : _billustrations, maps
336			_atext _2rdacontent
337			_aunmediated _2rdamedia
338			_avolume _2rdacarrier
500			_aOriginally published as La Guerre Iran-Irak, 1980-1988: Premiere guerre du Golfe. Perrin, un department d'Edi8, 2013.
505	0		_aEscalation -- Saddam's Qadisiyyah -- How Did It Come to This? -- Did the United States Push Saddam to Attack? -- France Sides with Iraq -- The Arabs Divided -- Israel Banks on Iran and Turkey Benefits from the War -- The "Valmy" Effect -- Stalemate -- The Initiative Changes Sides -- The Mullahs Take Power -- First Victories -- New Mediation -- The Iranians Recapture Their Territory -- Blessed Ramadan Offensive -- Bloody Dawns -- Saddam's Ace in the Hole -- The Lebanese Hostage Crisis -- Money Has No Smell -- Total War -- The Year of the Pilot -- Oil and the War Machine -- The Slaughter of the Child Soldiers -- Deadlock -- The Iran-Contra Affair -- All-Out Offensives -- Iran Changes Strategy -- The Gulf Set Ablaze -- The Halabja Massacre -- The Destruction of Iran Air Flight 655 -- Endgame.
520			_aFrom 1980 to 1988, Iran and Iraq fought the longest conventional war of the twentieth century. The tragedies included the slaughter of child soldiers, the use of chemical weapons, the striking of civilian shipping in the Gulf, and the destruction of cities. Pierre Razoux shows why this war remains central to understanding Middle Eastern geopolitics, from the deep-rooted distrust between Sunni and Shia Muslims, to Iran’s obsession with nuclear power, to the continuing struggles in Iraq. He provides invaluable keys to decipher Iran’s behavior and internal struggle today. Razoux’s account is based on unpublished military archives, oral histories, and interviews, as well as audio recordings seized by the U.S. Army detailing Saddam Hussein’s debates with his generals. Tracing the war’s shifting strategies and political dynamics—military operations, the jockeying of opposition forces within each regime, the impact on oil production so essential to both countries—Razoux also looks at the international picture. From the United States and Soviet Union to Israel, Europe, China, and the Arab powers, many nations meddled in this conflict, supporting one side or the other and sometimes switching allegiances. The Iran–Iraq War answers questions that have puzzled historians. Why did Saddam embark on this expensive, ultimately fruitless conflict? Why did the war last eight years when it could have ended in months? Who, if anyone, was the true winner when so much was lost?
546			_aTranslated from the French.
650		0	_aIran-Iraq War, 1980-1988 _941297
650		0	_aGeopolitics _zMiddle East. _954957
650		0	_aGeopolitics _zPersian Gulf Region _959673
700	1		_aElliott, Nicholas _etranslator. _9112939
942			_n0
999			_c69916 _d69916